from spengler to toynbee-speculative philosophy of history to end 思辨歷史哲學的終結
on the speculative philosophy of history 論思辨的歷史哲學
the nature of historical explanation the difference between speculative philosophy of history and analytical philosophy of history on historical explanation 思辨歷史哲學和分析歷史哲學不同的歷史解釋
on the basis of criticizing hegel ’ s speculative philosophy, he put forward the materialistic naturalism and made it as the theoretical premise of humanism 費爾巴哈在批判黑格爾思辨哲學的基礎上確立了唯物主義的自然觀,并將其作為人本主義的理論前提。
while the sociology of knowledge in modern times regards the value of knowledge and its social relations as its focus, but it never gets rid of the influence of speculative philosophy 產生于近代的知識社會學雖然把知識的價值及其與社會的關系作為研究重點,但卻始終沒有擺脫思辨哲學的影響。